Short answer Use gpresult to see the policies that actually reached the user and computer.
When to use it
When a linked GPO does not apply or behaves differently between users.
Quick result
gpresult /r /scope computer
gpresult /r /scope userNote
Lists applied and denied policies.
HTML report
gpresult /h "$env:USERPROFILE\Desktop\GPO-Report.html" /f
gpupdate /forceNote
Keep the report for comparison.
Caution
gpupdate is not a substitute for checking OU placement, filtering and replication.